Web development involves creating and maintaining websites, ensuring functionality, usability, and visual appeal. It consists of three main components: front-end development (user interface using HTML, CSS, JavaScript), back-end development (server-side logic with Python, PHP, Node.js, etc.), and full-stack development (both front-end and back-end). Developers use frameworks like React, Django, and Laravel to build dynamic, interactive sites. As technology advances, web development remains vital for online interaction, making it a key skill in the digital age.